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  Animations
Animation: 01
NEW! Epidural steroid injection:
This injection delivers anti-inflammatory medicine directly to the affected area to reduce the inflammation that may be irritating the nerve root. This animation gives you a close look at this common pain-relieving procedure.
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Animation: 02
Kyphoplasty:
Kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used for treating fractures caused by osteoporosis. This module takes you step by step through this procedure.
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Animation: 04
Inter-body fusion:
In this procedure that's designed to be a less invasive option to obtain spinal fusion, two threaded titanium cylinders hold the vertebrae in proper position while fusion occurs.
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Animation: 05
Bone fusion:
This procedure uses a motion segment that can help eliminate the pain at an unstable segment by limiting the motion at that segment.
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Animation: 06
Laminaplasty:
Pressure on the spinal cord can be relieved by changing the configuration of tha lamina. An "open door laminoplasty" creates more room by cutting one side of the lamina, and then swinging it open like a door.
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Animation: 07
Laminectomy:
The bone overlying the nerve roots can be removed by first taking off the lamina (laminectomy). This operation is performed through a straight midline incision in the low back.
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Animation: 08
Lumbar microdecompression:
Using a microscope and a small incision, a nerve root can be decompressed by removing the portion of the disc material that is impinging on the nerve.
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Animation: 09
Inside the spine:
The spinal column is made up of five sections and consists of 33 bones known as the vertebrae. Get an inside look of the spine you won't find anywhere else!

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Animation: 10
Spondylolisthesis:
In degenerative spondylolisthesis, the joints weaken, allowing the vertebra to slip forward; in isthmic spondylolisthesis, bone above the joint fractures, allowing the vertebra to slip forward.
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Animation: 11
Lumbar disc herniation:
A herniated disc in the lower back can cause low back and/or leg pain by putting pressure on the nerve root. This module allows you to see what a typical lumbar herniation looks like.
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Animation: 12
Spinal stenosis:
As we age, our facet joints may enlarge and place pressure on the nerve roots as they exit the spine. This condition can cause pain during certain activities. See what it one looks like from the inside.
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